Investment Philosophy
"There are two times in a man's life when he should not speculate: when he can't afford it, and when he can." - Mark Twain
Our approach to investment is based on academically proven principles that are at the core of a successful investment strategy:
1. Markets Work
Capital markets are not perfect and prices are not always right, but markets are so competitive that it is unlikely an investor can systematically profit from mistakes in the market at the expense of other investors.
2. The Plight of Active Managers
For active managers to succeed, markets must fail. There have been (and will be) managers who outperform the market, but no more than you would expect by chance, and it is difficult to identify them in advance.
3. Market Timing Is Risky
Research has shown that a successful timing strategy requires three correct decisions: when to get in, when to get out, and when to get back in. The success rate required to beat a buy-and-hold strategy is unattainable for most investors.
4. There Is No Crystal Ball . . . and You Don't Need One!
At the root of all forms of active management is some sort of forecast, but the future is by definition unknowable. Although no one can predict the future, you don't need to in order to have a successful investment experience. With capitalism, there is a positive expected return on capital.
5. Risk and Return Are Related
Markets are drawn to a state of equilibrium where risk and return are related. Only non-diversifiable risks are rewarded with higher expected returns.
6. Diversification Is Key
Diversification is the closest thing there is to a free lunch. Proper diversification increases the likelihood of earning expected returns and may reduce risk by eliminating risks you are not paid for taking.
7. Bring Discipline to the Process
Capital markets are noisy; but in the face of that noise, investors must maintain their discipline and stick to a longterm investment strategy. Some studies conclude that individual investors underperform the market by as much as 5%, likely due to a lack of discipline that results in chasing hot stocks or hot funds or by timing markets.
8. Understand Investor’s Biases
Investors often exhibit behavioural biases that can lead to poor investment decisions. Overconfidence, selfattribution, mental accounting, searching for patterns, hindsight, regret, and fear are cognitive biases and emotions that an advisor can help overcome in order to promote both wealth and well-being!
9. Costs Matter
All investors in aggregate form the market. Therefore, it must be the case that the average investor earns the market rate of return less fees and expenses. Minimising costs (management fees, operating costs, trading costs, taxes, etc.) allows investors to capture more of the capital market return that is there for the taking. Keeping costs down puts the odds of success in your favour.
The following video from Vanguard who are one of the fund managers in our portfolios, covers some of these points: